{"id":378,"date":"2021-09-11T15:55:54","date_gmt":"2021-09-11T08:55:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/km\/?page_id=378"},"modified":"2022-09-01T15:08:22","modified_gmt":"2022-09-01T08:08:22","slug":"%e1%9e%90%e1%9f%92%e1%9e%84%e1%9f%83%e1%9e%82%e1%9f%92%e1%9e%9a%e1%9e%bc%e1%9e%a2%e1%9f%92%e1%9e%93%e1%9e%80%e1%9e%9a%e1%9e%80%e1%9e%83%e1%9e%be%e1%9e%89%e1%9e%9c%e1%9e%b7%e1%9e%87%e1%9f%92%e1%9e%87","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/km\/%e1%9e%90%e1%9f%92%e1%9e%84%e1%9f%83%e1%9e%82%e1%9f%92%e1%9e%9a%e1%9e%bc%e1%9e%a2%e1%9f%92%e1%9e%93%e1%9e%80%e1%9e%9a%e1%9e%80%e1%9e%83%e1%9e%be%e1%9e%89%e1%9e%9c%e1%9e%b7%e1%9e%87%e1%9f%92%e1%9e%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u179a\u1780\u1783\u17be\u1789\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-zone\"><div class=\"tdc_zone tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\"  >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2{\r\n                    min-height: 100vh;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div id=\"tdi_3\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row_1800 td-stretch-content\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_4  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_4,\r\n                .tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_4,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_4{\nmargin-top:60px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_4 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_4{\nmargin-top:1px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_6  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_6{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_column_title tdi_7 tdm-content-horiz-center td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_7\" >\n<style>\n\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_7{\nposition:relative;\n}\n\n<\/style>\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdm_block_column_title{\r\n                  margin-bottom: 0;\r\n                  display: inline-block;\r\n                  width: 100%;\r\n                }\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"tdi_7_rand_style td-element-style\"><style>\n.tdi_7_rand_style{\nbackground-color:rgba(221,153,51,0.21) !important;\n}\n <\/style><\/div><div class=\"td-block-row\"><div class=\"td-block-span12 tdm-col\">\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\nbody .tdi_8 .tdm-title{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #dd8604;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_8 .tdm-title{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tfont-size:60px !important;letter-spacing:10px !important;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px){\n.tdi_8 .tdm-title{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tline-height:1.2 !important;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n}\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_8 .tdm-title{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tline-height:1.2 !important;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"tds-title tds-title1 td-fix-index tdi_8 \"><h3 class=\"tdm-title tdm-title-bg\">\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u179a\u1780\u1783\u17be\u1789\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_column_title tdi_9 tdm-content-horiz-center td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_9\" ><div class=\"td-block-row\"><div class=\"td-block-span12 tdm-col\"><div class=\"tds-title tds-title1 td-fix-index tdi_10 \"><h3 class=\"tdm-title tdm-title-sm\"><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_column_title tdi_11 tdm-content-horiz-center td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_11\" ><div class=\"td-block-row\"><div class=\"td-block-span12 tdm-col\">\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\nbody .tdi_12 .tdm-title{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #dd8500;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_12 .tdm-title{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tfont-size:30px !important;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px){\n.tdi_12 .tdm-title{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tline-height:1.4 !important;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"tds-title tds-title1 td-fix-index tdi_12 \"><h3 class=\"tdm-title tdm-title-md\">\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798 \u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b8\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"td_block_wrap td_block_text_with_title tdi_13 tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_13\" >\n<style>\n\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px)\n{\n.tdi_13{\nmargin-bottom:-30px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style>\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.td_block_text_with_title{\r\n                  margin-bottom: 44px;\r\n                  -webkit-transform: translateZ(0);\r\n                  transform: translateZ(0);\r\n                }.td_block_text_with_title p:last-child{\r\n                  margin-bottom: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_13 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:28px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-transform:none !important;letter-spacing:2px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_13 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:18px !important;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:1px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-443\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/th\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/image001.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1896\" height=\"894\" \/>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u1796.\u179f. 2449 \u1780\u17c6\u179b\u17c4\u17c7\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179c\u17d0\u1799 22 \u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 \u1793\u17b6\u1798\u1790\u17b6 \u179f\u17bb\u178f \u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17c2\u179c\u178e\u1799 \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17a7\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17d0\u1791\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17c5\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u179f\u1784\u1797\u17b8\u178e\u1784 \u1781\u17c1\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u179f\u17bb\u1795\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u17b8 \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u1790\u17c3 \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1788\u17d2\u1798\u17c4\u17c7\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1793\u17b6\u1798\u1790\u17b6 \u179f\u17bb\u178f \u1785\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u1790\u17c7\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17bc \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u1796\u17b8\u17a7\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17d0\u1791\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u179f\u17d2\u17a2\u17c2\u1780\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1780\u17cf\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u179f\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u1798\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6\u1798\u1780\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u17a0\u17cd\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u17b6\u1798\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b6 \u1794\u17be\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17b1\u1780\u17b6\u179f\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17c2\u1784\u178f\u17c2\u179a\u1780\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1791\u17c5\u179f\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1782\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u1792\u17bb\u179a\u17c7\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179c\u17b7\u1794\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u1792\u17bb\u179a\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u17b6\u179a\u17d2\u1799\u1796\u17b8\u179f\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1793\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17d2\u178a\u17b8\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1790\u17b6 \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1793\u17c3\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178a\u17b6\u17c6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1796\u17b7\u178f\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1780\u178a \u178f\u17c2\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1791\u17c5 11 \u179c\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1780\u17cf\u1793\u17c5\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179f\u1798\u1794\u17c6\u178e\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1791\u17bb\u1780<\/p>\n<p>\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u1799\u17bb 33 \u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 \u1793\u17c5\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17bc\u178f\u1794\u17bb\u1793 \u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7\u1794\u17b6\u1784\u1782\u17bc\u179c\u17c0\u1784 \u1781\u17c1\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1793\u1793\u17cb\u1790\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u17b8 \u1793\u17c5\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3 15 \u1780\u17be\u178f \u1781\u17c2 10 \u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u1796.\u179f. 2460 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1791\u17be\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1799\u1780\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u178f\u1798\u1780\u179b\u17c7\u1794\u1784\u17cb \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179f\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u1790\u17b6 \u1794\u17be\u1793\u17c5\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1791\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u1798\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u1798\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1780\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1791\u17c5\u178e\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u178a\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u1781\u17b6\u178f \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u1791\u17be\u1794\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1788\u1794\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u1784\u17c0\u1798 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u1783\u17be\u1789\u178a\u17bd\u1784\u1794\u178b\u1798\u1798\u1782\u17d2\u1782\u17ac\u178a\u17bd\u1784\u1792\u1798\u17cc \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f \u179b\u17bb\u17c7\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1798\u17be\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u179a\u17bf\u1799\u17d7\u1780\u17cf\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1783\u17be\u1789\u178a\u17bd\u1784\u1790\u17d2\u1798\u17b8\u1795\u17bb\u179f\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1798\u1780\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u1787\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u179f\u178a\u17bd\u1784\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u17bf\u1799\u17d7 \u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1797\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u178a\u17bd\u1784\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1780\u17cf\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179b\u17c6\u178a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb<strong>\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799<\/strong>\u1793\u17c5\u1799\u1794\u17cb\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u17af\u1784<\/p>\n<p>\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1785\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1790\u17b6 \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u178f\u17c1\u1787\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798 \u179f\u17bb\u178f \u1785\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u1790\u17c7\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17bc \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1790\u17b6 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u17b7\u1780\u17c4\u1794\u17b6\u1793 \u1796\u17c4\u179b\u1782\u17ba \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1790\u17b6\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1791\u17c5\u1799\u17bc\u179a\u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u178a\u17b8 \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1790\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799 \u179f\u17bb\u17c6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1798\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c \u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1787\u17bd\u1794\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u178e\u17d2\u178a\u17b6\u179b\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d7\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_14\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row_1800 td-stretch-content\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_15  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_15,\r\n                .tdi_15 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_15,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_15 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_15 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_15:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_15:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_15{\nmargin-top:60px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_15 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_15{\nmargin-top:-30px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* landscape *\/\n@media (min-width: 1019px) and (max-width: 1140px)\n{\n.tdi_15{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_17  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_17{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_17 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_17 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_17 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_17 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_17 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"td_block_wrap td_block_text_with_title tdi_18 tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_18\" >\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_18 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:28px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-transform:none !important;letter-spacing:2px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_18 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:18px !important;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:1px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-445\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/th\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/image003-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"937\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong><span style=\"background-color: #ff9900;\">\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u1798\u17cc<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3 15 \u1780\u17be\u178f \u1781\u17c2 10 \u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 \u1796.\u179f. 2460 \u179b\u17bb\u17c7\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u17bb\u178f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u17b7\u178e\u17d2\u178c\u1794\u17b6\u178f\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179c\u17b7\u17a0\u17b6\u179a 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\u1794\u17be\u179f\u17c6\u179b\u17c1\u1784\u1787\u17bd\u1784\u1786\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179b\u17ba\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1780\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u178a\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u1781\u17b6\u178f \u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1791\u17be\u1794\u179c\u17b6\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u17c2\u1798\u1780\u17d2\u178a\u17b8\u1781\u17d2\u179c\u179b\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1798\u17bb\u1793\u17d7\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6 \u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178e\u17b6\u1791\u17c5\u178e\u17ce \u179f\u17c6\u179b\u17c1\u1784\u1787\u17bd\u1784\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179b\u17ba\u17a1\u17be\u1784<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u1791\u17c5\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17cf\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u1799\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1791\u17c5 \u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1787\u17b7\u178f\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1788\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u178a\u1784 \u178f\u17c2\u179b\u17bb\u17c7\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179f\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c7\u1791\u17c5\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1780\u17cf\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u178f\u1791\u17c5 \u1793\u17c5\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17cf\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u179f\u17b9\u1798\u17d7\u179f\u17d2\u1784\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u17d2\u178a\u1784\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u17d7 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178a\u17bd\u1784\u1790\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17d7\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u179f\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1781\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u178f\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17be\u1796\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u1798\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u1784\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17cb \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1787\u17bb\u17c6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17cb\u1790\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17c2\u1794\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c \u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u17d2\u1796\u17b9\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cf\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178a\u17b9\u1784 \u1793\u17c5\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u17c6\u179b\u17c1\u1784\u1787\u17bd\u1784\u1786\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1780\u17cf\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u17a1\u17be\u1784<\/p>\n<p>\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17d2\u178a\u17b8\u179f\u17bb\u1781\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3 \u178a\u17bd\u1784\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u178a\u17bd\u1784\u1790\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u17cf\u1793\u17c5\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1780\u178e\u17d2\u178a\u17b6\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6 \u1793\u17c5\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u179b\u17d2\u1784\u17b6\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u179f\u17d2\u178a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1798\u17c4\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u17d7\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179c\u17b7\u17a0\u17b6\u179a\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179f\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c7\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u1790\u17b6<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201c<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u1794\u17b8\u179f\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u1788\u17b6\u1798\u179f\u17d2\u1784\u17bd\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u179f\u179b\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u179f\u17d2\u1794\u17c2\u1780 \u179f\u179f\u17c3 \u1786\u17d2\u17a2\u17b9\u1784 \u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799 \u1794\u17be\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u1791\u17c5\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1785\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1783\u17be\u1789 \u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1780\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u178f<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u179b\u17bb\u17c7\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17bd\u1785\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u1791\u17be\u1794\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u179a\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1790\u17b6<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201c<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u179f\u17bb\u17c6\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1780\u179a\u17bb\u178e\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u179f\u1781\u17d2\u1789\u17bb\u17c6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u17c2\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u1789\u17bb\u17c6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1795\u1784\u1785\u17bb\u17c7 \u1794\u17be\u1781\u17d2\u1789\u17bb\u17c6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1791\u17c4\u179f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u179f\u17bb\u17c6\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u1780\u17bb\u17c6\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u1789\u17bb\u17c6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u17a1\u17be\u1799 \u1794\u17be\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u179f\u17bb\u17c6\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1780\u179a\u17bb\u178e\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u1791\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u1789\u17bb\u17c6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1781\u17d2\u1789\u17bb\u17c6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u179f\u17bb\u17c6\u178f\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17c3\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u1791\u17c5\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u178f<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_19\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row_1800 td-stretch-content\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_20  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_20,\r\n                .tdi_20 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_20,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_20 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_20 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_20:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_20:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_20{\nmargin-top:60px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_20 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_20{\nmargin-top:-30px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px)\n{\n.tdi_20{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* landscape *\/\n@media (min-width: 1019px) and (max-width: 1140px)\n{\n.tdi_20{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_22  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_22{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"td_block_wrap td_block_text_with_title tdi_23 tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_23\" >\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_23 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:28px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-transform:none !important;letter-spacing:2px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_23 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:18px !important;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:1px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-446\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/th\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/image005-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"937\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong><span style=\"background-color: #ff9900;\">\u179a\u1780\u1783\u17be\u1789\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u179b\u17bb\u17c7\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u178a\u17b8\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u1780\u17cf\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6 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\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17b7\u178f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1794\u17be\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1785\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1783\u17be\u1789\u178a\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u1781\u17b6\u178f<\/strong><strong>\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1780\u1783\u17be\u1789\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17b7\u178f \u1787\u17b6\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u179c\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u178a\u17c1\u1785\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17b7\u178f\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179b\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17c5 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1791\u17be\u1794\u1798\u1780\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201c<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u1782\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u17c4\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u17c6 \u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1791\u17c5\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u1793 \u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1793\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17d0\u1799\u1782\u17c6\u1793\u17b7\u178f \u1794\u17be\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c2\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u1785\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178a\u179b\u17cb \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u178a\u17b9\u1784 \u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u00a0 \u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1788\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799 \u178f\u17c2\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1788\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17cf\u179a\u179b\u178f\u17cb \u178f\u17c2\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179a\u179b\u178f\u17cb\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1780\u17cf\u1780\u17be\u178f \u1794\u17be\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179a\u179b\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17cf\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1780\u17be\u178f\u00a0 \u1782\u17b7\u178f\u1798\u17be\u179b\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17a1\u17b6\u1799 \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17b7\u178f \u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u179c\u17b6\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1794\u17be\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17c4\u179b\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1780\u17cf\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1798\u17b6\u1793 \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1780\u17be\u178f\u178a\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u1781\u17b6\u178f<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_24\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row_1800 td-stretch-content\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_25  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_25,\r\n                .tdi_25 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_25,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_25 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_25 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_25:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_25:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_25{\nmargin-top:60px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_25 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_25{\nmargin-top:-30px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px)\n{\n.tdi_25{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* landscape *\/\n@media (min-width: 1019px) and (max-width: 1140px)\n{\n.tdi_25{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_27  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_27{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_27 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_27 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_27 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_27 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_27 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"td_block_wrap td_block_text_with_title tdi_28 tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_28\" >\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_28 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:28px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-transform:none !important;letter-spacing:2px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_28 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:18px !important;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:1px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-448 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/th\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/image007.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"530\" height=\"605\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"background-color: #ff9900; color: #ffffff;\">\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178f\u17b6\u1798<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c2\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u178f\u1791\u17c5\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17c2\u179b 30 \u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17b8 \u1780\u17cf\u1780\u17be\u178f\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178e\u17cd \u1781\u178e\u17c7\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784 \u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784 \u1793\u17c5\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1794\u17b6\u1793 \u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1791\u17be\u1794\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7<\/p>\n<p>\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1798\u1780 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1781\u17b7\u178f\u1781\u17c6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c2\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u179b\u17c1\u1789 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179c\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179c\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1793\u17c3\u1792\u1798\u17cc \u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179c\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17c5 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1781\u17c2\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u179c\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6 \u179b\u17bb\u17c7\u1780\u1790\u17b7\u1793\u179a\u17bd\u1785\u179a\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1780\u17cf\u179b\u17b6\u1785\u17c5\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1784\u1782\u17bc\u179c\u17c0\u1784\u1791\u17c5\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179b\u17b6 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1791\u17c5\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17b9\u1784 \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1783\u17be\u1789 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17c2\u179b 4 \u1781\u17c2 \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793 3 \u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u1782\u17ba \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17b6\u1793 \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u1794\u17c1\u1793 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u17a2\u17bd\u1798 \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17a2\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u179f\u17d2\u1790 4 \u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17c0\u178f \u179a\u17bd\u1798 7 \u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_29\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row_1800 td-stretch-content\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_30  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_30,\r\n                .tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_30,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_30:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_30:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_30{\nmargin-top:60px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_30 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_30{\nmargin-top:-30px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px)\n{\n.tdi_30{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* landscape *\/\n@media (min-width: 1019px) and (max-width: 1140px)\n{\n.tdi_30{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_32  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_32{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"td_block_wrap td_block_text_with_title tdi_33 tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_33\" >\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_33 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:28px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-transform:none !important;letter-spacing:2px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_33 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:18px !important;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:1px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-449\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/th\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/image009.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1896\" height=\"894\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"background-color: #ff9900; color: #ffffff;\">\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c5\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u1795\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1787\u17c1\u179a\u17ba\u1793\u17ac\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17c7\u17a0\u17c5\u1790\u17b6\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u17aa\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798 \u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17a0\u17b6\u1787\u1793\u179f\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u17b6\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1790\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1782\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1793\u17c3\u1788\u17d2\u1798\u17c4\u17c7\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1796\u17b8\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 2459 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u17aa\u179f\u17bb\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1782\u179b\u17cb\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1791\u17c5\u179a\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c5\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u17c2\u1784\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c5\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 \u1796.\u179f. 2463-2502<\/p>\n<p>\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1798\u1780\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798 \u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u178f\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u1780\u179f\u17b6\u1784\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u1785\u17c6\u179a\u17be\u1793\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a0\u17d2\u179c\u17b9\u1780\u17a2\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u17c6\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u17c2\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1797\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u17b6\u1798\u1793\u17c1\u1793\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u179c\u17b7\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u17b9\u1784 \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u179f\u1798\u1790\u179c\u17b7\u1794\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1785\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u17b6\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u178f\u17b7\u1782\u17ba \u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u179a\u179b\u17b9\u1780\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1793\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785<\/p>\n<p>\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6\u1790\u17b6 \u201c\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6 \u17a2\u179a\u17a0\u17c6\u201d \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u1794\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1791\u17c5\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1780\u178e\u17d2\u178a\u17b6\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17b8 7 \u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1790\u17b6 \u201c\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6 \u17a2\u179a\u17a0\u17c6\u201d \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c2\u1790\u17b6 \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u17b6\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u178f\u17b7\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c4\u1787\u1793\u17cd\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c6\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u178e\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u178a\u17bc\u1785\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6 \u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u17b6\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u178f\u17b7\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784 \u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1797\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u1780\u17cb \u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1797\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u1790\u17d2\u179b\u17b6 \u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17a0\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178f\u1791\u17c5 \u1787\u17b6\u179c\u17b7\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b7\u1780\u1787\u1793\u1791\u17bc\u1791\u17c5<\/p>\n<p>\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u1787\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc \u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179f\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8 \u1780\u179f\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u17b6\u179b\u17b6\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1791\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d0\u1799\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1793\u17c5\u1799\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u1798\u17d0\u1799\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784 \u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17c6\u179a\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1798\u1780\u1787\u17b6\u179b\u17c6\u178a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u00a0 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1791\u17be\u1794\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17b6\u1792\u17bb\u1787\u1793\u1798\u1780\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u1794\u17bd\u179f\u1793\u17c5\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1796\u17cb\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_34\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row_1800 td-stretch-content\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_35  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_35,\r\n                .tdi_35 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_35,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_35 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_35 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_35:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_35:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_35{\nmargin-top:60px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_35 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_35{\nmargin-top:-30px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px)\n{\n.tdi_35{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* landscape *\/\n@media (min-width: 1019px) and (max-width: 1140px)\n{\n.tdi_35{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_37  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_37{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_37 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_37 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_37 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_37 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_37 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"td_block_wrap td_block_text_with_title tdi_38 tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_38\" >\n<style>\n\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_38{\nmargin-bottom:100px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style>\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_38 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:28px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-transform:none !important;letter-spacing:2px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_38 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:18px !important;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:1px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/th\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/image011-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"937\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"background-color: #ff9900; color: #ffffff;\">\u1780\u17d2\u178a\u17b8\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1790\u17b6 \u201c\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u201d \u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1793\u17c5\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17c3\u1794\u17b7\u178a\u1780\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1782\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b8\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1790\u17c1\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1791\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1798\u17a0\u17b6\u179a\u1799\u17b6\u1793<\/p>\n<p>\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1787\u17b6 \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179f\u17bb\u178f\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c7\u1794\u17b7\u1780\u178a \u1791\u17b8\u1783\u1793\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u1799 \u1794\u178a\u17b7\u179c\u1782\u17d2\u1782 \u1796\u17c4\u179b\u1790\u17b6 \u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1782\u178f \u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17c6 \u179c\u17c9\u17b6\u179f\u17c1\u178f\u1790\u17b6 \u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u179c\u1785\u1793\u17c6 \u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u1799\u17c4 \u17a2\u17b7\u178f\u17b7\u1796\u17b7&#8230; \u201c\u1798\u17be\u179b\u179f\u17b7\u1793\u179c\u17c9\u17b6\u179f\u17c1\u178f\u1790\u17c7 \u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1790\u17b6 \u201c\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u201d \u1780\u17cf\u179b\u17d2\u17a2&#8230;\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1788\u17d2\u1798\u17c4\u17c7\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1782\u178f\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u1791\u17c5\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17bb\u1782\u17d2\u1782\u179b\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1799\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u1798\u17d0\u1799 \u178f\u17c2\u1780\u17cf\u1793\u17c5\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u178a\u17cf\u1796\u17b7\u178f\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1780\u178a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1793\u17c1\u17c7<\/p>\n<p>\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3 15 \u1780\u17be\u178f \u1781\u17c2 10 \u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 \u1796.\u179f. 2460 \u1793\u17d0\u1799\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb \u201c\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u201d \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17c3\u1794\u17b7\u1780\u178a\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1782\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b8\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u17b6\u178e\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17b6 \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u178a\u17c2\u1784\u17a1\u17be\u1784 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u179f\u17bb\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb \u201c\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u201d \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1792\u1798\u17cc \u1791\u17be\u1794\u1785\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u17a2\u1793\u17bb\u1787\u1793\u1787\u17c6\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1782\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1798\u17d2\u178a\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f<\/p>\n<p>\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u179f\u17bb\u178f\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17b7\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u179b\u17c6\u178a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17d7\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17c2\u1794\u1795\u17c2\u1793\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1785\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1784\u17b6\u1799 \u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u178f\u17c2\u179b\u17c6\u178a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179b\u17c6\u178a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb \u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1795\u179b<\/p>\n<p>\u1780\u17c1\u179a\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u17cd\u1788\u17d2\u1798\u17c4\u17c7\u1793\u17c5\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u179c\u1793\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17c4\u1780 \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u1789\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1791\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1794\u1791\u17c5\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u1793\u17c5\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u17a2\u17bb\u17ba\u179a\u17bb\u1794 \u1787\u17b6\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u1791\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b8\u1798\u17bb\u1793\u1798\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u1782\u178e\u17c7\u179f\u1784\u17d2\u1783\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u1790\u17c3 \u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1798\u1780\u1794\u17bd\u179f\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798 \u1795\u17b6\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u17ba\u1793<\/p>\n<p>\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u1796\u17b8\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1796\u17b7\u178f\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1780\u178a \u1790\u17c2\u1798\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1782\u179b\u17cb\u178f\u17bd\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17b8\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179f\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17af\u1780\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1795\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u178a\u17cf\u179b\u17d2\u17a2 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u178f\u17bd\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17b8\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u1784\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1799\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17c5\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1798\u17bb\u1781<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_39\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row_1800 td-stretch-content\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_40  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_40,\r\n                .tdi_40 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_40,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_40 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_40 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_40:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_40:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_40{\nmargin-top:60px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_40 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_40{\nmargin-top:-60px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px)\n{\n.tdi_40{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* landscape *\/\n@media (min-width: 1019px) and (max-width: 1140px)\n{\n.tdi_40{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_42  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_42{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_42 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_42 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_42 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_42 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_42 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"td_block_wrap td_block_text_with_title tdi_43 tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_43\" >\n<style>\n\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_43{\nmargin-bottom:100px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style>\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_43 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:28px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-transform:none !important;letter-spacing:2px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_43 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:18px !important;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:1px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-452\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/th\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/image013-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"937\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"background-color: #ff9900; color: #ffffff;\">\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u178f\u17c1\u1787\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1798\u179a\u178e\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17c5\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u179f\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17af\u1780\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1782\u17ba \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u17b6\u179a\u17d2\u1799\u1785\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1791 \u1781\u17bb\u1793\u1793\u17bb\u1780\u1799\u17ca\u17bc\u1784 \u1780\u17cf\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17be\u1780\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1794\u17bb\u1782\u17d2\u1782\u179b\u1791\u17bc\u1791\u17c5\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178e\u17cd \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17c4\u1798\u1780\u17bc\u1793\u179f\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u1780\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u1780\u17cf\u1782\u17ba \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u17aa\u1790\u17b6\u17c6\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1786\u17c7\u1799\u17c4 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u17a2\u1793\u17bb\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u179b\u17d0\u1799\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178e\u17cd\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a0\u17d2\u179c\u17b9\u1780\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7 \u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a0\u17d2\u179c\u17b9\u1780\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u1796\u17b8\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u17d4\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u179b\u17c4\u1780<\/p>\n<p>\u1780\u17d2\u178a\u17b8\u179f\u17bb\u1781\u1796\u17b8\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1793\u17c5\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u17aa\u1790\u17b6\u17c6\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1786\u17c7\u1799\u17c4\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u178a\u17b8\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u1784\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u1794\u178a\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u1785\u17c1\u178f\u1793\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784 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\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u178a\u17c5\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u178f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6<\/p>\n<p>\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17c6\u178e\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1791\u17be\u1794\u1780\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u178a\u17c5\u178a\u17cf\u1792\u17c6\u1792\u17c1\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1792\u17b7\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1798\u17a0\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1787\u17c6\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1787\u17c6\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17cb \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179f\u17bb\u1781\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17a2\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17be\u178f\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1796\u17b7\u1797\u1796\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_44\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row_1800 td-stretch-content\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_45  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_45,\r\n                .tdi_45 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_45,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_45 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_45 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_45:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_45:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_45{\nmargin-top:60px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_45 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_45{\nmargin-top:-60px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* portrait *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px)\n{\n.tdi_45{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n\/* landscape *\/\n@media (min-width: 1019px) and (max-width: 1140px)\n{\n.tdi_45{\nmargin-top:-20px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_47  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_47{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_47 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_47 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_47 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_47 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_47 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"td_block_wrap td_block_text_with_title tdi_48 tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_48\" >\n<style>\n\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px)\n{\n.tdi_48{\nmargin-bottom:100px !important;\n}\n}\n\n<\/style>\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_48 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:28px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-transform:none !important;letter-spacing:2px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.tdi_48 h4{\r\n\t\t\t        font-size:18px !important;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:1px !important;\r\n\t\t        }\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-453\" src=\"https:\/\/www.buddhistpedia.org\/th\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/09\/image015-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"937\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"background-color: #ff9900; color: #ffffff;\">\u179f\u17bb\u17c6\u179a\u17c6\u179b\u17b9\u1780\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179a\u1780\u1783\u17be\u1789\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1799<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u17a0\u17d2\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1798\u1780 \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3 15 \u1780\u17be\u178f \u1781\u17c2 10 \u179a\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u17d7\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 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